Base pair - Revision history

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2022-09-17T21:44:25Z

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2014-04-24T22:43:07Z

Added attribution.

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	Note: In the case of single-stranded RNA, the unit of measure is the nucleotide (abbreviated nt, knt, Mnt, Gnt respectively), similar to how "base pair" is a length unit for double-stranded DNA. When making a distinction between units of computer storage and base pairs, kbp, Mbp, Gbp, etc. may be used for base pairs.		Note: In the case of single-stranded RNA, the unit of measure is the nucleotide (abbreviated nt, knt, Mnt, Gnt respectively), similar to how "base pair" is a length unit for double-stranded DNA. When making a distinction between units of computer storage and base pairs, kbp, Mbp, Gbp, etc. may be used for base pairs.

			==Notes==

			An element or two of this article is reused from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_pair the Wikipedia article].

	==References==		==References==

Shawndouglas: Added terabase.

2012-09-30T17:40:21Z

Added terabase.

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	* Mb = mega base pairs = 1,000,000 bp		* Mb = mega base pairs = 1,000,000 bp
	* Gb = giga base pairs = 1,000,000,000 bp		* Gb = giga base pairs = 1,000,000,000 bp
			* Tb = tera base pairs = 1,000,000,000,000 bp

	Note: In the case of single-stranded RNA, the unit of measure is the nucleotide (abbreviated nt, knt, Mnt, Gnt respectively), similar to how "base pair" is a length unit for double-stranded DNA. When making a distinction between units of computer storage and base pairs, kbp, Mbp, Gbp, etc. may be used for base pairs.		Note: In the case of single-stranded RNA, the unit of measure is the nucleotide (abbreviated nt, knt, Mnt, Gnt respectively), similar to how "base pair" is a length unit for double-stranded DNA. When making a distinction between units of computer storage and base pairs, kbp, Mbp, Gbp, etc. may be used for base pairs.

Shawndouglas: Created stub article.

2012-09-30T17:36:56Z

Created stub article.

New page

In molecular biology and genetics, a '''base pair''' (or '''bp''') represents the linking of two nitrogenous bases within a DNA double helix that are connected via hydrogen bonds. In the canonical Watson-Crick DNA base pairing, adenine (A) forms a base pair with thymine (T), and guanine (G) forms a base pair with cytosine (C).<ref name="BaseGen">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=DZ0rw60EipAC&pg=PA87#v=onepage&q&f=false |author=Abouelmagd, Ahmed; Ageely, Hussein M. |title=Basic Genetics: Textbook and Activities |publisher=Universal-Publishers |page=87 |date=2009 |isbn=1599429039 |accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> In RNA, thymine is replaced by uracil (U). Alternate hydrogen bonding patterns, such as the wobble base pair and Hoogsteen base pair, also occur — in particular, in RNA — giving rise to complex and functional tertiary structures.<ref name="DNAStruc">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Q6Yd-qYvx9UC&pg=PA15#v=onepage&q&f=false |edition=2nd, illustrated, revised |author=Sinden, Richard R. |title=DNA Structure and Function |publisher=Gulf Professional Publishing |page=15–21 |date=1994 |isbn=0126457506 |accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref> Pairing is the mechanism by which codons on messenger RNA molecules are recognized by anticodons on transfer RNA during protein translation. Some DNA- or RNA-binding enzymes can recognize specific base pairing patterns that identify particular regulatory regions of genes.

The size of an individual gene or an organism's entire genome is often measured in base pairs because DNA is usually double-stranded. Hence, the number of total base pairs is equal to the number of nucleotides in one of the strands (with the exception of non-coding single-stranded regions of telomeres).

==Length measurements==

The following abbreviations are commonly used to describe the length of a D/RNA molecule:

* bp = base pair = one bp, which corresponds to approximately 3.4 Å of length along the strand's helix axis<ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=CCQYtlufUIAC&pg=PA20#v=onepage&q&f=false |author=Tropp, Burton E. |title=Molecular Biology: Genes to Proteins |edition=4th, revised |publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers |page=20 |date=2011 |isbn=0763786632 |accessdate=30 September 2012}}</ref><ref name="BaseGen" />
* kb = kilo base pairs = 1,000 bp
* Mb = mega base pairs = 1,000,000 bp
* Gb = giga base pairs = 1,000,000,000 bp

Note: In the case of single-stranded RNA, the unit of measure is the nucleotide (abbreviated nt, knt, Mnt, Gnt respectively), similar to how "base pair" is a length unit for double-stranded DNA. When making a distinction between units of computer storage and base pairs, kbp, Mbp, Gbp, etc. may be used for base pairs.

==References==
<references />