https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&feed=atom&action=historyBiodiversity informatics - Revision history2024-03-28T20:14:06ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.36.1https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=15538&oldid=prevShawndouglas: /* Informatics */ Fixed error2014-08-22T16:39:40Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Informatics: </span> Fixed error</span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Like other data-related disciplines, biodiversity informatics benefits from the adoption of appropriate standards and protocols in order to support machine-machine transmission and interoperability of information within its particular domain. Examples of relevant standards include<ref name="BerendsohnBio" />:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Like other data-related disciplines, biodiversity informatics benefits from the adoption of appropriate standards and protocols in order to support machine-machine transmission and interoperability of information within its particular domain. Examples of relevant standards include<ref name="BerendsohnBio" />:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/guides/xml/ Darwin Core XML], an <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</del>[[Extensible Markup Language|XML]] schema for specimen- and observation-based biodiversity data </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/guides/xml/ Darwin Core XML], an [[Extensible Markup Language|XML]] schema for specimen- and observation-based biodiversity data </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/117/ Taxonomic Concept Transfer Schema], a schema for taxonomic information providers to exchange information with other such providers </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/117/ Taxonomic Concept Transfer Schema], a schema for taxonomic information providers to exchange information with other such providers </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/116/ Structured Descriptive Data], a standard for the capture, transport, caching and archiving of descriptive data</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/116/ Structured Descriptive Data], a standard for the capture, transport, caching and archiving of descriptive data</div></td></tr>
</table>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=15537&oldid=prevShawndouglas: /* Informatics */ Internal link2014-08-22T16:39:20Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Informatics: </span> Internal link</span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:39, 22 August 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Like other data-related disciplines, biodiversity informatics benefits from the adoption of appropriate standards and protocols in order to support machine-machine transmission and interoperability of information within its particular domain. Examples of relevant standards include<ref name="BerendsohnBio" />:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Like other data-related disciplines, biodiversity informatics benefits from the adoption of appropriate standards and protocols in order to support machine-machine transmission and interoperability of information within its particular domain. Examples of relevant standards include<ref name="BerendsohnBio" />:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/guides/xml/ Darwin Core XML], an XML schema for specimen- and observation-based biodiversity data </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/guides/xml/ Darwin Core XML], an <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[[[Extensible Markup Language|</ins>XML<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>schema for specimen- and observation-based biodiversity data </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/117/ Taxonomic Concept Transfer Schema], a schema for taxonomic information providers to exchange information with other such providers </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/117/ Taxonomic Concept Transfer Schema], a schema for taxonomic information providers to exchange information with other such providers </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/116/ Structured Descriptive Data], a standard for the capture, transport, caching and archiving of descriptive data</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/116/ Structured Descriptive Data], a standard for the capture, transport, caching and archiving of descriptive data</div></td></tr>
</table>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=14749&oldid=prevShawndouglas: Updated content.2014-06-18T22:29:49Z<p>Updated content.</p>
<a href="https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=14749&oldid=14748">Show changes</a>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=14748&oldid=prevShawndouglas: Updated some content. Saving and updating more.2014-06-18T20:42:40Z<p>Updated some content. Saving and updating more.</p>
<a href="https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=14748&oldid=14133">Show changes</a>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=14133&oldid=prevShawndouglas: Added attribution.2014-04-24T22:14:13Z<p>Added attribution.</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:14, 24 April 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''(This article was taken from Wikipedia)''</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Biodiversity <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">informatics</ins>''' is the application of informatics techniques to biodiversity [[information]] for improved management, presentation, discovery, exploration and analysis. It typically builds on a foundation of taxonomic, biogeographic, or ecological information stored in digital form, which, with the application of modern computer techniques, can yield new ways to view and analyse existing information, as well as predictive models for information that does not yet exist. Biodiversity informatics is a relatively young discipline (the term was coined in or around 1992) but has hundreds of practitioners worldwide, including the numerous individuals involved with the design and construction of taxonomic databases. The term "Biodiversity Informatics" is generally used in the broad sense to apply to computerized handling of any biodiversity information; the somewhat broader term "[[bioinformatics]]" is often used synonymously with the computerized handling of data in the specialized area of molecular biology.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Biodiversity <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Informatics</del>''' is the application of informatics techniques to biodiversity [[information]] for improved management, presentation, discovery, exploration and analysis. It typically builds on a foundation of taxonomic, biogeographic, or ecological information stored in digital form, which, with the application of modern computer techniques, can yield new ways to view and analyse existing information, as well as predictive models for information that does not yet exist. Biodiversity informatics is a relatively young discipline (the term was coined in or around 1992) but has hundreds of practitioners worldwide, including the numerous individuals involved with the design and construction of taxonomic databases. The term "Biodiversity Informatics" is generally used in the broad sense to apply to computerized handling of any biodiversity information; the somewhat broader term "[[bioinformatics]]" is often used synonymously with the computerized handling of data in the specialized area of molecular biology.</div></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Overview ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Overview ==</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== See also ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== See also ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[Biodiversity]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[Biodiversity]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==References==</del></div></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><references/></del></div></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Further reading==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Further reading==</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.henley.reading.ac.uk/IRC/Postgraduatetaught/irc-pgt-bioi.asp Biodiversity Informatics at the University of Reading]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://www.henley.reading.ac.uk/IRC/Postgraduatetaught/irc-pgt-bioi.asp Biodiversity Informatics at the University of Reading]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://cbcreatures.webs.com/](Interesting information about the snakes)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [http://cbcreatures.webs.com/](Interesting information about the snakes)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==Notes==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">This article heavily reuses content from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity_informatics the Wikipedia article].</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==References==</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=12164&oldid=prevShawndouglas: Internal link.2013-09-13T22:20:41Z<p>Internal link.</p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''(This article was taken from Wikipedia)''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''(This article was taken from Wikipedia)''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Biodiversity Informatics''' is the application of informatics techniques to biodiversity information for improved management, presentation, discovery, exploration and analysis. It typically builds on a foundation of taxonomic, biogeographic, or ecological information stored in digital form, which, with the application of modern computer techniques, can yield new ways to view and analyse existing information, as well as predictive models for information that does not yet exist. Biodiversity informatics is a relatively young discipline (the term was coined in or around 1992) but has hundreds of practitioners worldwide, including the numerous individuals involved with the design and construction of taxonomic databases. The term "Biodiversity Informatics" is generally used in the broad sense to apply to computerized handling of any biodiversity information; the somewhat broader term "[[bioinformatics]]" is often used synonymously with the computerized handling of data in the specialized area of molecular biology.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Biodiversity Informatics''' is the application of informatics techniques to biodiversity <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>information<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>for improved management, presentation, discovery, exploration and analysis. It typically builds on a foundation of taxonomic, biogeographic, or ecological information stored in digital form, which, with the application of modern computer techniques, can yield new ways to view and analyse existing information, as well as predictive models for information that does not yet exist. Biodiversity informatics is a relatively young discipline (the term was coined in or around 1992) but has hundreds of practitioners worldwide, including the numerous individuals involved with the design and construction of taxonomic databases. The term "Biodiversity Informatics" is generally used in the broad sense to apply to computerized handling of any biodiversity information; the somewhat broader term "[[bioinformatics]]" is often used synonymously with the computerized handling of data in the specialized area of molecular biology.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Overview ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Overview ==</div></td></tr>
</table>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=9020&oldid=prevShawndouglas: Added internal link.2012-09-30T18:41:33Z<p>Added internal link.</p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Biodiversity informatics has been defined as "the creation, integration, analysis, and understanding of information regarding biological diversity"<ref name="BIJournal">{{cite web|url = https://journals.ku.edu/index.php/jbi| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = Website of the Journal 'Biodiversity Informatics'}}</ref>, and "[the] field that brings information science and technologies to bear on the data and information generated by the study of organisms, their genes, and their interactions"<ref name="eBiosphere">{{cite web|url = http://www.e-biosphere09.org/| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = Website of the 2009 "e-Biosphere" Conference on Biodiversity Informatics, London, June 2009}}</ref>. Broadly speaking, it seeks to draw upon and integrate information held in various taxonomic databases and other digital sources to answer biodiversity questions at scales ranging from global to local. Such questions might range from "How many described species exist in the world?" (answer: still not known for certain, as all the relevant data are not currently compiled in any coherent manner) to "Predict the effects of a global temperature rise of X degrees C. on the geographic range of species Y", a question which involves not only biodiversity in the basic sense but related domains of ecology, geographic distributions of environmental parameters, global climate models, and more. In addition to handling formally named taxa, biodiversity informatics may also have to cope with managing information from unnamed taxa such as that produced by environmental sampling and sequencing of mixed-field samples. The term biodiversity informatics is also used to cover the computational problems specific to the names of biological entities, such as the development of algorithms to cope with variant representations of identifiers such as species names and authorities, and the multiple classification schemes within which these entities may reside according to the preferences of different workers in the field, as well as the syntax and semantics by which the content in taxonomic databases can be made machine queryable and interoperable for biodiversity informatics purposes.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Biodiversity informatics has been defined as "the creation, integration, analysis, and understanding of information regarding biological diversity"<ref name="BIJournal">{{cite web|url = https://journals.ku.edu/index.php/jbi| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = Website of the Journal 'Biodiversity Informatics'}}</ref>, and "[the] field that brings information science and technologies to bear on the data and information generated by the study of organisms, their genes, and their interactions"<ref name="eBiosphere">{{cite web|url = http://www.e-biosphere09.org/| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = Website of the 2009 "e-Biosphere" Conference on Biodiversity Informatics, London, June 2009}}</ref>. Broadly speaking, it seeks to draw upon and integrate information held in various taxonomic databases and other digital sources to answer biodiversity questions at scales ranging from global to local. Such questions might range from "How many described species exist in the world?" (answer: still not known for certain, as all the relevant data are not currently compiled in any coherent manner) to "Predict the effects of a global temperature rise of X degrees C. on the geographic range of species Y", a question which involves not only biodiversity in the basic sense but related domains of ecology, geographic distributions of environmental parameters, global climate models, and more. In addition to handling formally named taxa, biodiversity informatics may also have to cope with managing information from unnamed taxa such as that produced by environmental sampling and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>sequencing<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>of mixed-field samples. The term biodiversity informatics is also used to cover the computational problems specific to the names of biological entities, such as the development of algorithms to cope with variant representations of identifiers such as species names and authorities, and the multiple classification schemes within which these entities may reside according to the preferences of different workers in the field, as well as the syntax and semantics by which the content in taxonomic databases can be made machine queryable and interoperable for biodiversity informatics purposes.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== History of the discipline of Biodiversity Informatics ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== History of the discipline of Biodiversity Informatics ==</div></td></tr>
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</table>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=7135&oldid=prevShawndouglas: Updated cat.2011-11-22T21:56:33Z<p>Updated cat.</p>
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</table>Shawndouglashttps://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=3610&oldid=prevMikelong88888: Updating most of the links and fixing the references2011-07-20T19:32:49Z<p>Updating most of the links and fixing the references</p>
<a href="https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=3610&oldid=3609">Show changes</a>Mikelong88888https://www.limswiki.org/index.php?title=Biodiversity_informatics&diff=3609&oldid=prevMikelong88888: Creation of Article2011-07-20T19:02:09Z<p>Creation of Article</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>''(This article was taken from Wikipedia)''<br />
<br />
'''Biodiversity Informatics''' is the application of [[informatics (academic field)|informatics]] techniques to [[biodiversity|biodiversity information]] for improved management, presentation, discovery, exploration and analysis. It typically builds on a foundation of [[Biological classification|taxonomic]], [[biogeography|biogeographic]], or [[ecology|ecological]] information stored in digital form, which, with the application of modern computer techniques, can yield new ways to view and analyse existing information, as well as predictive models for information that does not yet exist (see [[environmental niche modelling|niche modelling]]). Biodiversity informatics is a relatively young discipline (the term was coined in or around 1992) but has hundreds of practitioners worldwide, including the numerous individuals involved with the design and construction of [[taxonomic database]]s. The term "Biodiversity Informatics" is generally used in the broad sense to apply to computerized handling of any biodiversity information; the somewhat broader term "[[bioinformatics]]" is often used synonymously with the computerized handling of data in the specialized area of [[molecular biology]].<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
<br />
Biodiversity informatics has been defined as "the creation, integration, analysis, and understanding of information regarding biological diversity"<ref name="BIJournal">{{cite web|url = https://journals.ku.edu/index.php/jbi| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = Website of the Journal 'Biodiversity Informatics'}}</ref>, and "[the] field that brings information science and technologies to bear on the data and information generated by the study of organisms, their genes, and their interactions"<ref name="eBiosphere">{{cite web|url = http://www.e-biosphere09.org/| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = Website of the 2009 "e-Biosphere" Conference on Biodiversity Informatics, London, June 2009}}</ref>. Broadly speaking, it seeks to draw upon and integrate information held in various [[taxonomic database]]s and other digital sources to answer biodiversity questions at scales ranging from global to local. Such questions might range from "How many described species exist in the world?" (answer: still not known for certain, as all the relevant data are not currently compiled in any coherent manner) to "Predict the effects of a global temperature rise of X degrees C. on the geographic range of species Y", a question which involves not only biodiversity in the basic sense but related domains of ecology, geographic distributions of environmental parameters, global climate models, and more. In addition to handling formally named taxa, biodiversity informatics may also have to cope with managing information from unnamed taxa such as that produced by environmental sampling and sequencing of mixed-field samples. The term biodiversity informatics is also used to cover the [[computational problem]]s specific to the names of biological entities, such as the development of algorithms to cope with variant representations of identifiers such as species names and authorities, and the multiple classification schemes within which these entities may reside according to the preferences of different workers in the field, as well as the syntax and semantics by which the content in taxonomic databases can be made machine queryable and interoperable for biodiversity informatics purposes.<br />
<br />
== History of the discipline of Biodiversity Informatics ==<br />
<br />
Biodiversity Informatics can be considered to have commenced with the construction of the first computerized [[taxonomic database]]s in the early 1970s, and progressed through subsequent developing of distributed search tools towards the late 1990s including the Species Analyst from Kansas University, the North American Biodiversity Information Network NABIN, CONABIO in Mexico, and others<ref name="Krishtalka2000">{{cite journal|author=Krishtalka L & Humphrey PS|year= 2000|title=Can Natural History Museums Capture the Future?|journal=BioScience|volume=50|pages=611–617|url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.1641/0006-3568%282000%29050%5B0611%3ACNHMCT%5D2.0.CO%3B2|doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050[0611:CNHMCT]2.0.CO;2}}</ref>, the establishment of the [[Global Biodiversity Information Facility]] in 2001, and the parallel development of a variety of [[niche modelling]] and other tools to operate on digitized biodiversity data from the mid 1980s onwards (e.g. see <ref name="Peterson2001">{{cite journal|author=Peterson AT & Vieglais D|year= 2001|title=Predicting Species Invasions Using Ecological Niche Modeling: New Approaches from Bioinformatics Attack a Pressing Problem|journal=BioScience|volume=51|pages=363–371|url=http://www.cria.org.br/eventos/mfmpe/19_20jun2002_docs/BioScience%202001.pdf|doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0363:PSIUEN]2.0.CO;2}}</ref>). In September 2000, the U.S. journal [[Science (journal)|Science]] devoted a special issue to "Bioinformatics for Biodiversity"<ref name="Science_Sep_2000">{{cite journal|year= 2000|title=Bioinformatics for Biodiversity?|journal=Science|volume=289|pages=2229–2440|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol289/issue5488/index.dtl}}</ref>, the journal "Biodiversity Informatics" commenced publication in 2004, and several international conferences through the 2000s have brought together Biodiversity Informatics practitioners, most recently the London [http://www.e-biosphere09.org/ e-Biosphere] conference in June 2009. A recent supplement to the journal [[BMC Bioinformatics]] (Volume 10 Suppl 14<ref name="BMC_Bioinformatics2009">{{cite journal|year= 2009|title=Biodiversity Informatics|journal=BMC Bioinformatics|volume=10 Suppl 14|url=http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/10?issue=S14}}</ref>) published in November 2009 also deals with Biodiversity Informatics.<br />
<br />
== History of the term "Biodiversity Informatics" ==<br />
<br />
According to correspondence reproduced by Walter Berendsohn<ref name="BITheTerm">{{cite web|url = http://www.bgbm.org/BioDivInf/TheTerm.htm| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = "Biodiversity Informatics", The Term}}</ref>, the term "Biodiversity Informatics" was coined by John Whiting in 1992 to cover the activities of an entity known as the Canadian Biodiversity Informatics Consortium, a group involved with fusing basic [[biodiversity]] information with [[environmental economics]] and geospatial information in the form of [[GPS]] and [[GIS]]. Subsequently it appears to have lost any obligate connection with the GPS/GIS world and be associated with the computerized management of any aspects of biodiversity information (e.g. see <ref name="Bisby2000">{{cite journal|author=Bisby FA. et al.|year= 2000|title=The Quiet Revolution: Biodiversity Informatics and the Internet|journal=Science|volume=289|pages=2309–2312|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/289/5488/2309|doi=10.1126/science.289.5488.2309|pmid=11009408|issue=5488}}</ref>).<br />
<br />
== Current Biodiversity Informatics issues ==<br />
=== Global list of all species ===<br />
<br />
One major issue for biodiversity informatics at a global scale is the present absence of a machine queryable (or even non-digital) master list of currently recognised species of the world, although this is an aim of the [[Catalogue of Life]] project which has been quoted as aiming to achieve this goal (for extant species only) by 2012; in its 2009 Annual Checklist edition a total of 1.16 million valid species names and 0.76 million synonyms were included, out of an estimated target 1.8 million extant described species<ref name="EOLPressRelease2007">{{cite web|url = http://www.eol.org/content/page/press_2007_5_9| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = A Leap for All Life: World’s Leading Scientists Announce Creation of “Encyclopedia of Life” (EOL Press Release, May 2007)}}</ref>. A similar effort for fossil taxa, the Paleobiology Database<ref name="PaleoDB">{{cite web|url = http://paleodb.org/| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = the Paleobiology Database}}</ref> documents some 100,000+ names for fossil species, out of an unknown total number.<br />
<br />
=== Problems with genus and species scientific names as unique and persistent identifiers ===<br />
<br />
Application of the [[Linnaeus|Linnaean]] system of binomial nomenclature for [[species]], and uninomials for [[genus|genera]] and higher ranks, has led to many advantages but also problems with [[Homonym (biology)|homonyms]] (the same name being used for multiple taxa, either inadvertently or legitimately across multiple kingdoms), [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonyms]] (multiple names for the same taxon), as well as variant representations of the same name due to orthographic differences, minor spelling errors, variation in the manner of citation of author names and dates, and more. In addition, names can change through time on account of changing taxonomic opinions (for example, the correct generic placement of a species, or the elevation of a subspecies to species rank or vice versa), and also the circumscription of a taxon can change according to different authors' taxonomic concepts. One proposed solution to this problem is the usage of Life Science Identifiers ([[LSID]]s) for machine-machine communication purposes, although there are both proponents and opponents of this approach.<br />
<br />
=== Achieving a consensus classification of organisms ===<br />
<br />
Organisms can be classified in a multitude of ways (see main page [[Biological classification]]), which can create design problems for Biodiversity Informatics systems aimed at incorporating either a single or multiple classification to suit the needs of users, or to guide them towards a single "preferred" system. Whether a single consensus classification system can ever be achieved is probably an open question, however in an attempt to provide at least a degree of consensus, the [[Catalogue of Life]] project has recently released a document<ref name="CoL2009Gordon">{{cite web|url = http://www.catalogueoflife.org/info_hierarchy.php| accessdate = 2009-08-06 | title = Towards a management hierarchy (classification) for the Catalogue of Life. Draft Discussion Document by Dr. Dennis P. Gordon, May 2009}}</ref> that attempts to list some of the issues in this area, and may lead to a more coherent classification that can be promoted via that project's future products at least.<br />
<br />
== Mobilizing primary biodiversity information ==<br />
<br />
"Primary" biodiversity information can be considered the basic data on the occurrence and diversity of species (or indeed, any recognizable taxa), commonly in association with information regarding their distribution in either space, time, or both. Such information may be in the form of retained specimens and associated information, for example as assembled in the natural history collections of [[museum]]s and [[herbarium|herbaria]], or as observational records, for example either from formal faunal or floristic surveys undertaken by professional biologists and students, or as amateur and other planned or unplanned observations including those increasingly coming under the scope of [[citizen science]]. Providing online, coherent digital access to this vast collection of disparate primary data is a core Biodiversity Informatics function that is at the heart of regional and global biodiversity data networks, examples of the latter including [[OBIS]] and [[GBIF]].<br />
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As a secondary source of biodiversity data, relevant [[scientific literature]] can be parsed either by humans or (potentially) by specialized information retrieval algorithms to extract the relevant primary biodiversity information that is reported therein, sometimes in aggregated / summary form but frequently as primary observations in narrative or tabular form. Elements of such activity (such as extracting key taxonomic identifiers, keywording / [[index term]]s, etc.) have been practiced for many years at a higher level by selected [[academic databases and search engines]]. However, for the maximum Biodiversity Informatics value, the actual primary occurrence data should ideally be retrieved and then made available in a standardized form or forms; for example both the [[Plazi]] and [http://www.inotaxa.org/ INOTAXA] projects are transforming taxonomic literature into [[XML]] formats that can then be read by client applications, the former using [http://sourceforge.net/projects/taxonx/ TaxonX-XML] and the latter using the [[taXMLit]] format. The [[Biodiversity Heritage Library]] is also making significant progress in its aim to digitize substantial portions of the out-of-copyright taxonomic literature, which is then subjected to [[optical character recognition|OCR]] (optical character recognition) so as to be amenable to further processing using Biodiversity Informatics tools.<br />
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== Biodiversity Informatics standards and protocols ==<br />
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In common with other data-related disciplines, Biodiversity Informatics benefits from the adoption of appropriate [[technical_standard|standard]]s and [[protocol (computing)|protocols]] in order to support machine-machine transmission and interoperability of information within its particular domain. Examples of relevant standards include the [[Darwin Core]] [[XML]] [[XML schema|schema]] for specimen- and observation-based biodiversity data developed from 1998 onwards, plus extensions of the same, [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/117/ Taxonomic Concept Transfer Schema], plus standards for [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/116/ Structured Descriptive Data] and [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/115/ Access to Biological Collection Data] (ABCD); while data retrieval and transfer protocols include [http://digir.sourceforge.net/ DiGIR] (now mostly superseded) and [http://www.tdwg.org/standards/449/ TAPIR] (TDWG Access Protocol for Information Retrieval). Many of these standards and protocols are currently maintained, and their development overseen, by the [[TDWG|Taxonomic Databases Working Group]] (TDWG).<br />
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== Current Biodiversity Informatics activities ==<br />
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At the recent (2009), large scale [http://www.e-biosphere09.org/ e-Biosphere] conference in the U.K., contributions (e.g. as posters) were grouped into the following themes, which is indicative of a broad range of current Biodiversity Informatics activities and how they might be categorized:<br />
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* Application: Conservation / Agriculture / Fisheries / Industry / Forestry<br />
* Application: Invasive Alien Species<br />
* Application: Systematic and Evolutionary Biology<br />
* Application: Taxonomy and Identification Systems<br />
* New Tools, Services and Standards for Data Management and Access<br />
** New Modeling Tools<br />
** New Tools for Data Integration<br />
** New Approaches to Biodiversity Infrastructure<br />
** New Approaches to Species Identification<br />
** New Approaches to Mapping Biodiversity<br />
* National and Regional Biodiversity Databases and Networks<br />
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A post-conference workshop of key persons with current significant Biodiversity Informatics roles also resulted in a [http://www.e-biosphere09.org/assets/files/workshop/Resolution.pdf Workshop Resolution] that stressed, among other aspects, the need to create durable, global registries for the resources that are basic to biodiversity informatics (e.g., repositories, collections); complete the construction of a solid taxonomic infrastructure; and create ontologies for biodiversity data.<br />
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== Biodiversity Informatics projects of the world ==<br />
Among current significant global scale biodiversity informatics projects can be included the following:<br />
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* The [[Global Biodiversity Information Facility]] (GBIF), and the [[Ocean Biogeographic Information System]] (OBIS) (for marine species)<br />
* The [[Species 2000]], [[ITIS]] (Integrated Taxonomic Information System), and [[Catalogue of Life]] projects<br />
* [[Encyclopedia of Life|EOL]], The Encyclopedia of Life project<br />
* The [[Consortium for the Barcode of Life]] project<br />
* The [http://www.ubio.org/ uBio] Universal Biological Indexer and Organizer, from the Woods Hole [[Marine Biological Laboratory]]<br />
* The [http://www.organismnames.com/ Index to Organism Names] (ION) from Thomson Reuters, providing access to scientific names of taxa from numerous journals as indexed in the [[Zoological Record]]<br />
* [[ZooBank]], the registry for nomenclatural acts and relevant systematic literature in [[zoology]]<br />
* The [http://botany.si.edu/ing/ Index Nominum Genericorum], compilation of generic names published for organisms covered by the [[International Code of Botanical Nomenclature]], maintained at the [[Smithsonian Institution]] in the U.S.A.<br />
* The [[International Plant Names Index]]<br />
* [[MycoBank]], documenting new names and combinations for [[fungi]]<br />
* The [http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/ List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature] ([[LPSN]]) - Official register of valid names for [[bacteria]] and [[archaea]], as governed by the [[International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria]]<br />
* The [[Biodiversity Heritage Library]] project - digitising biodiversity literature<br />
* [[Wikispecies]], open source (community-editable) compilation of taxonomic information, companion project to Wikipedia<br />
* [http://www.taxonconcept.org TaxonConcept.org], a [[Linked_Data]] project that connects disparate species databases<br />
* [http://www.icn.unal.edu.co Instituto de Ciencias Naturales]. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. [http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co Virtual Collections and Biodiversity Informatics Unit]<br />
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Notable regional and national scale syntheses include the following:<br />
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* [[Fauna Europaea]]<br />
* [http://www.ala.org.au/ Atlas of Living Australia]<br />
*[http://www.eu-nomen.eu A Pan-European Species-directories Infrastructure (PESI)]<br />
{{Expand section|date=May 2010}}<br />
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* LifeWatch is proposed by [[ESFRI]] as a pan-European research (e-)infrastructure to support Biodiversity research and policy-making.<br />
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A listing of over 600 current biodiversity informatics related activities can be found at the [http://www.tdwg.org/biodiv-projects/ TDWG "Biodiversity Information Projects of the World" database].<br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[Biodiversity]]<br />
* [[Taxonomic database]]<br />
* [[Web-based taxonomy]]<br />
* [[List of biodiversity databases]]<br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
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==Further reading==<br />
* {{cite book |author=OECD Megascience Forum Working Group on Biological Informatics |title=Final Report of the OECD Megascience Forum Working Group on Biological Informatics, January 1999 |year=1999 |pages=1–74 |url=http://www.gbif.org/GBIF_org/facility/BIrepfin}}<br />
* {{cite journal |author=Canhos, V.P., Souza, S., Giovanni, R. & Canhos, D.A.L. |year=2004 |title=Global biodiversity informatics: setting the scene for a "new world" of ecological modeling |journal=Biodiversity Informatics |volume=1 |pages=1–13 |url=https://journals.ku.edu/index.php/jbi/article/viewFile/3/1}}<br />
* {{cite journal |author=Soberón, J. & Peterson, A.T. |year=2004 |title=Biodiversity informatics: managing and applying primary biodiversity data |journal=Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. |volume=B359 |pages=689–698 |url=http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/p8hcuwema8uk692g/}}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Chapman, A.D. |title=Uses of Primary Species-Occurrence Data |publisher=Global Biodiversity Information Facility |location=Copenhagen |year=2005 |pages=1–106 |url=http://www2.gbif.org/UsesPrimaryData.pdf}}<br />
* {{cite journal |author=Johnson, N.F. |year=2007 |title=Biodiversity informatics |journal=Annual Review of Entomology |volume=52 |pages=421–438 |url=http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091259 |doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091259 |pmid=16956323}}<br />
* {{cite journal |author=Sarkar, I.N. |year=2007 |title=Biodiversity informatics: organizing and linking information across the spectrum of life |journal=Briefings in Bioinformatics |volume=8 |pages=347–357 |url=http://bib.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/8/5/347 |pmid=17704120 |doi=10.1093/bib/bbm037 |issue=5}}<br />
* {{cite journal |author=Guralnick, R.P. |year=2009 |title=Biodiversity Informatics: Automated Approaches for Documenting Global Biodiversity Patterns and Processes |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=25 |pages=421–428. |url=http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/25/4/421 |pmid=19129210 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn659 |last2=Hill |first2=A |issue=4}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
* [http://journals.ku.edu/index.php/jbi Biodiversity Informatics] (journal)<br />
* [http://systbio.org/?q=node/150 Phyloinformatics] (journal; closed business in 2006)<br />
* [http://www.pensoftonline.net/zookeys ZooKeys] (journal)<br />
* [http://www.e-biosphere09.org/ Website of the 2009 e-Biosphere International Conference on Biodiversity Informatics]<br />
* [http://www.henley.reading.ac.uk/IRC/Postgraduatetaught/irc-pgt-bioi.asp Biodiversity Informatics at the University of Reading]<br />
* [http://cbcreatures.webs.com/](Interesting information about the snakes)<br />
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