Difference between revisions of "Journal:2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Paving the road for rapid detection and point-of-care diagnostics"
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==Abstract== | |||
We believe a point-of-care (PoC) device for the rapid detection of the 2019 novel coronavirus ([[SARS-CoV-2]]) is crucial and urgently needed. With this perspective, we give suggestions regarding a potential candidate for the rapid detection of the [[coronavirus disease 2019]] (COVID-19), as well as factors for the preparedness and response to the outbreak of COVID-19. | |||
'''Keywords''': COVID-19, Wuhan, 2019 novel coronavirus, point-of-care detection, SARS-CoV-2, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP assay, polymerase chain reaction, PCR | |||
==Introduction== | |||
On January 30, 2020, the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) declared a global public health emergency [1] over the outbreak of a novel [[coronavirus]], called the [[severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]] (SARS-CoV-2) (previously "2019 novel coronavirus" or "2019-nCoV"), which originated in Wuhan City, in the Hubei Province of China. On February 11, WHO officially named the disease the [[coronavirus disease 2019]] (COVID-19). [2] Human-to-human transmission (Figure 1) has been confirmed by WHO and by the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) of the United States [3], with evidence of person-to-person transmission from three different cases outside China, namely in the U.S. [4], Germany [5], and Vietnam [6]. | |||
[[File:Fig1 Nguyen Micromachines2020 11-3.png|600px]] | |||
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| style="background-color:white; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;"| <blockquote>'''Figure 1.''' Illustration of the transmission of various coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 [11]. Current studies have suggested that the intermediate carriers may be snakes [12] or pangolins [13], but according to WHO the real source is still unknown [14,15].</blockquote> | |||
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COVID-19 has continuously spread to 104 countries; the number of confirmed infections reached 109,343 on March 9, 2020 [7], and the death toll in China has overtaken the SARS epidemic of 2002–2003 and has risen to 3,100 [2]. To slow down the spread of COVID-19, at least 50 million people in China have been placed under lockdown. [8] On March 8, 2020, Italy also undertook the same measures, with the northern part of the country getting placed under lockdown, affecting 16 million people. [9] The reproduction number R<sub>0</sub> (i.e., the average number of secondary cases generated by a typical infectious individual) is estimated to be 2.68, and the doubling time is estimated to be 6.4 days. [10] | |||
The difference in terminology between "coronavirus" and "SARS-Cov-2" is detailed in Table 1. | |||
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| style="background-color:white; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;" colspan="2"|'''Table 1.''' Difference between the "coronavirus" and "SARS-CoV-2" | |||
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! style="background-color:#e2e2e2; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;"|Term | |||
! style="background-color:#e2e2e2; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;"|Description | |||
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| style="background-color:white; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;"|Coronavirus (CoV) | |||
| style="background-color:white; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;"|A large and diverse family of enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses, with a ~26–32 kilobase genome [16]. The ''Coronaviridae'' cover a broad host range, infecting many mammalian and avian species, and induce upper respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and central nervous system diseases [17]. In the last few decades, coronaviruses have been shown to be capable of also infecting humans. The outbreak of [[severe acute respiratory syndrome]] (SARS) in 2003, and, more recently, [[Middle East respiratory syndrome]] (MERS) have proved the lethality of coroanviruses when they cross the species barrier and infect humans [18]. | |||
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| style="background-color:white; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;"|Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) | |||
| style="background-color:white; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;"|A new zoonotic human coronavirus, which was reported and announced by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC) on January 9, 2020. [19] This novel coronavirus can lead to coroanvirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans. In spite of the fact that the initial infected cases have been associated with the Huanan South China Seafood Market, the source of SARS-CoV-2 is still unknown (Figure 1). On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared a global public health emergency regarding the outbreak of COVID-19. On March 11, 2020, WHO declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a [[pandemic]]. | |||
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==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 18:21, 6 April 2020
Full article title | 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Paving the road for rapid detection and point-of-care diagnostics |
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Journal | Micromachines |
Author(s) | Nguyen, Trieu; Bang, Dang Duong; Wolff, Anders |
Author affiliation(s) | Technical University of Denmark |
Primary contact | Email: awol at dtu dot dk |
Year published | 2020 |
Volume and issue | 11(3) |
Article # | 306 |
DOI | 10.3390/mi11030306 |
ISSN | 2072-666X |
Distribution license | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
Website | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/3/306/htm |
Download | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/3/306/pdf (PDF) |
This article should be considered a work in progress and incomplete. Consider this article incomplete until this notice is removed. |
Abstract
We believe a point-of-care (PoC) device for the rapid detection of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial and urgently needed. With this perspective, we give suggestions regarding a potential candidate for the rapid detection of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as factors for the preparedness and response to the outbreak of COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19, Wuhan, 2019 novel coronavirus, point-of-care detection, SARS-CoV-2, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP assay, polymerase chain reaction, PCR
Introduction
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global public health emergency [1] over the outbreak of a novel coronavirus, called the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (previously "2019 novel coronavirus" or "2019-nCoV"), which originated in Wuhan City, in the Hubei Province of China. On February 11, WHO officially named the disease the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). [2] Human-to-human transmission (Figure 1) has been confirmed by WHO and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the United States [3], with evidence of person-to-person transmission from three different cases outside China, namely in the U.S. [4], Germany [5], and Vietnam [6].
|
COVID-19 has continuously spread to 104 countries; the number of confirmed infections reached 109,343 on March 9, 2020 [7], and the death toll in China has overtaken the SARS epidemic of 2002–2003 and has risen to 3,100 [2]. To slow down the spread of COVID-19, at least 50 million people in China have been placed under lockdown. [8] On March 8, 2020, Italy also undertook the same measures, with the northern part of the country getting placed under lockdown, affecting 16 million people. [9] The reproduction number R0 (i.e., the average number of secondary cases generated by a typical infectious individual) is estimated to be 2.68, and the doubling time is estimated to be 6.4 days. [10]
The difference in terminology between "coronavirus" and "SARS-Cov-2" is detailed in Table 1.
|
References
Notes
This presentation is faithful to the original, with only a few minor changes to presentation. In some cases important information was missing from the references, and that information was added.