Difference between revisions of "Journal:Health care and cybersecurity: Bibliometric analysis of the literature"
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
[[Cybersecurity]] is an increasingly critical aspect of [[health information technology|health care information technology]] infrastructure. The rapid digitization of health care delivery, from [[electronic health record]]s (EHR) and [[telehealth]] to [[mHealth|mobile health]] (mHealth) and network-enabled [[medical devices]], introduces risks related to cybersecurity vulnerabilities.<ref name="JalaliCyber18">{{cite journal |title=Cybersecurity in Hospitals: A Systematic, Organizational Perspective |journal=Journal of Medical Internet Research |author=Jalali, M.S.; Kaiser, J.P. |volume=20 |issue=5 |at=e10059 |year=2018 |doi=10.2196/10059 |pmid=29807882 |pmc=PMC5996174}}</ref> These vulnerabilities are particularly worrisome because cyberattacks in a health care setting can result in the exposure of [[Information privacy|highly sensitive personal information]] or cause disruptions in clinical care. | [[Cybersecurity]] is an increasingly critical aspect of [[health information technology|health care information technology]] infrastructure. The rapid digitization of health care delivery, from [[electronic health record]]s (EHR) and [[telehealth]] to [[mHealth|mobile health]] (mHealth) and network-enabled [[medical devices]], introduces risks related to cybersecurity vulnerabilities.<ref name="JalaliCyber18">{{cite journal |title=Cybersecurity in Hospitals: A Systematic, Organizational Perspective |journal=Journal of Medical Internet Research |author=Jalali, M.S.; Kaiser, J.P. |volume=20 |issue=5 |at=e10059 |year=2018 |doi=10.2196/10059 |pmid=29807882 |pmc=PMC5996174}}</ref> These vulnerabilities are particularly worrisome because cyberattacks in a health care setting can result in the exposure of [[Information privacy|highly sensitive personal information]] or cause disruptions in clinical care.<ref name="GordonThreats17">{{cite journal |title=Threats to Information Security - Public Health Implications |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |author=Gordon, W.J.; Fairhall, A.; Landman, A. |volume=377 |issue=8 |pages=707–9 |year=2017 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp1707212 |pmid=28700269}}</ref><ref name="PerakslisCyber14">{{cite journal |title=Cybersecurity in health care |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |author=Perakslis, E.D. |volume=371 |issue=5 |pages=395–7 |year=2014 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp1404358 |pmid=25075831}}</ref><ref name="JarrettCyber17">{{cite journal |title=Cybersecurity-A Serious Patient Care Concern |journal=JAMA |author=Jarrett, M.P. |volume=318 |issue=14 |pages=1319–20 |year=2017 |doi=10.1001/jama.2017.11986 |pmid=28973258}}</ref><ref name="KramerCyber17">{{cite journal |title=Cybersecurity Concerns and Medical Devices: Lessons From a Pacemaker Advisory |journal=JAMA |author=Kramer, D.B.; Fu, K. |volume=318 |issue=21 |pages=2077–78 |year=2017 |doi=10.1001/jama.2017.15692 |pmid=29049709}}</ref> Cyberattacks may also affect the safety of patients, for example, by compromising the [[Data integrity|integrity of data]] or impairing medical device functionality. The WannaCry and NotPetya ransomware attacks and vulnerabilities in Medtronic Implantable Cardiac Device Programmers are recent examples that have resulted in impaired health care delivery capabilities.<ref name="FurnellTheABC17">{{cite journal |title=The ABC of ransomware protection |journal=Computer Fraud & Security |author=Furnell, S.; Emm, D. |volume=2017 |issue=10 |pages=5–11 |year=2017 |doi=10.1016/S1361-3723(17)30089-1}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 20:06, 4 May 2020
| Full article title | Health care and cybersecurity: Bibliometric analysis of the literature |
|---|---|
| Journal | Journal of Medical Internet Research |
| Author(s) | Jalali, Mohammad S.; Razak, Sabina; Gordon, William; Perakslis, Eric; Madnick, Stuart |
| Author affiliation(s) | Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Partners Healthcare, |
| Primary contact | Email: msjalali at mgh dot harvard dot edu |
| Year published | 2019 |
| Volume and issue | 21(2) |
| Article # | e12644 |
| DOI | 10.2196/12644 |
| ISSN | 1438-8871 |
| Distribution license | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
| Website | https://www.jmir.org/2019/2/e12644/ |
| Download | https://www.jmir.org/2019/2/e12644/pdf (PDF) |
 |
This article should be considered a work in progress and incomplete. Consider this article incomplete until this notice is removed. |
Abstract
Background: Over the past decade, clinical care has become globally dependent on information technology. The cybersecurity of health care information systems is now an essential component of safe, reliable, and effective health care delivery.
Objective: The objective of this study was to provide an overview of the literature at the intersection of cybersecurity and health care delivery.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science for English-language peer-reviewed articles. We carried out chronological analysis, domain clustering analysis, and text analysis of the included articles to generate a high-level concept map composed of specific words and the connections between them.
Results: Our final sample included 472 English-language journal articles. Our review results revealed that a majority of the articles were focused on technology. Technology–focused articles made up more than half of all the clusters, whereas managerial articles accounted for only 32 percent of all clusters. This finding suggests that nontechnological variables (human–based and organizational aspects, strategy, and management) may be understudied. In addition, software development security, business continuity, and disaster recovery planning each accounted for three percent of the studied articles. Our results also showed that publications on physical security account for only one percent of the literature, and research in this area is lacking. Cyber vulnerabilities are not all digital; many physical threats contribute to breaches and potentially affect the physical safety of patients.
Conclusions: Our results revealed an overall increase in research on cybersecurity and identified major gaps and opportunities for future work.
Keywords: bibliometric review, cybersecurity, health care, literature analysis, text mining
Introduction
Cybersecurity is an increasingly critical aspect of health care information technology infrastructure. The rapid digitization of health care delivery, from electronic health records (EHR) and telehealth to mobile health (mHealth) and network-enabled medical devices, introduces risks related to cybersecurity vulnerabilities.[1] These vulnerabilities are particularly worrisome because cyberattacks in a health care setting can result in the exposure of highly sensitive personal information or cause disruptions in clinical care.[2][3][4][5] Cyberattacks may also affect the safety of patients, for example, by compromising the integrity of data or impairing medical device functionality. The WannaCry and NotPetya ransomware attacks and vulnerabilities in Medtronic Implantable Cardiac Device Programmers are recent examples that have resulted in impaired health care delivery capabilities.[6]
References
- ↑ Jalali, M.S.; Kaiser, J.P. (2018). "Cybersecurity in Hospitals: A Systematic, Organizational Perspective". Journal of Medical Internet Research 20 (5): e10059. doi:10.2196/10059. PMC PMC5996174. PMID 29807882. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5996174.
- ↑ Gordon, W.J.; Fairhall, A.; Landman, A. (2017). "Threats to Information Security - Public Health Implications". New England Journal of Medicine 377 (8): 707–9. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1707212. PMID 28700269.
- ↑ Perakslis, E.D. (2014). "Cybersecurity in health care". New England Journal of Medicine 371 (5): 395–7. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1404358. PMID 25075831.
- ↑ Jarrett, M.P. (2017). "Cybersecurity-A Serious Patient Care Concern". JAMA 318 (14): 1319–20. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11986. PMID 28973258.
- ↑ Kramer, D.B.; Fu, K. (2017). "Cybersecurity Concerns and Medical Devices: Lessons From a Pacemaker Advisory". JAMA 318 (21): 2077–78. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.15692. PMID 29049709.
- ↑ Furnell, S.; Emm, D. (2017). "The ABC of ransomware protection". Computer Fraud & Security 2017 (10): 5–11. doi:10.1016/S1361-3723(17)30089-1.
Notes
This presentation is faithful to the original, with only a few minor changes to presentation, grammar, and punctuation. In some cases important information was missing from the references, and that information was added.
